Legal lexicon

Axiocap offers you a complete legal lexicon in order to make law understandable to as many people as possible.
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Anchorage
A

Possibility to obtain an authenticated proof of timestamp on Blockchain.Watch our video on anchoring security movements via the Axiocap solution

Archiving
A

An action to classify, store, and save data.

Assembly register
R

Paper or dematerialized document listing all the Minutes and deliberations of a company, since its establishment.

Asset
A

Represents all the assets owned by the business.

Associate
A

Member of a partnership in which he owns a share of the capital.

Association
A

Voluntary grouping of at least two people with a common project without any desire to enrich themselves personally.

BSA
B

Share Warrants allow you to buy one or more shares (called the underlying) at a price fixed on the day they are awarded (called the exercise price).

BSPCE
B

Business Creator Unit Warrants are a specific category of “stock options” (stock options). The board of directors may issue a voucher corresponding to a share in the company at a price fixed on the day it is awarded.

Bare owner
N

Status of a person whose titles are divided between a usufructuary and a bare owner. The naked owner has the abuse. This right thus allows him to take part in the company's votes except those concerning the allocation of the distributable result (prerogative of the usufructuary).

Bearer bond
T

A debt document that does not have the name of the beneficiary written on it. They are numbered by the company that issues them.

Blockchain
B

Device for the secure storage and transmission of information in the form of blocks linked to each other, operating without a central control unit.

Board of Directors (CA)
C

The Board of Directors is a management body bringing together natural or legal persons whose objective is to take strategic decisions related to the company.

CCFN digital safe (Digital safe component)
C

Highly secure tool for storing sensitive digital data, accessible online.

Capital increase
A

Legal operation by which shareholders/partners decide, by contribution in kind or cash, to increase the company's share capital by increasing the number of shares or increasing their nominal value.

Capital reduction
R

Operation that consists in reducing the share capital of a company by reducing the number of shares or reducing their nominal value.

Capital stripping
D

Action that affects a company title. A title can be divided into two: bare ownership and usufruct, so two distinct persons have different prerogatives over said title. Upon the death of the bare owner, an automatic consolidation takes place on the person of the usufructuary who then holds full ownership of the title.

Capitalization table
T

Table containing all the essential information relating to the shareholding of a company (names of beneficiaries, number of shares held, percentage of voting rights, etc.).

Cash contribution
A

Operation by which a shareholder/partner provides a company with liquidity (check or transfer) in exchange for the title (s) of the said company upon establishment or during a capital increase.

Contribution in kind
A

Operation by which a shareholder/partner brings, upon establishment or during a capital increase, to a company, either in ownership or enjoyment, movable or immovable property, tangible or intangible in exchange for one or more security (s) of said company.

Convocation
C

Legal document by which the competent corporate body informs the partners or shareholders of the holding of a meeting. It must include certain particulars provided for by law.

Cryptographic hash
H

Unique fingerprint allowing the identification of a specific computer file, calculated using a hash function (algorithm). Each transaction on the blockchain is identified by a cryptographic hash.

Dematerialization
D

A fact or action that makes it possible to make something concrete and material into something intangible by transferring it in the form of electronic data or documents.

Dividends
D

Part of the distributable income of a company distributed among the partners in proportion to the shares they hold in the company.

Electronic initials
P

Affix the initials of the signatory electronically on each page of a document.

Electronic registered letter
L

Recommended sent in electronic form. It has the same legal value as a registered letter in paper format.

Electronic signature
S

An electronic authentication process that makes it possible to prove the link between its author and the document on which it is attached.

Electronic voting
V

Electronic process involved in decision-making in meetings. It allows a complete dematerialization of the holding of meetings. Each participant is required to vote for/against/abstention for each resolution on the agenda.

Export
E

Refers to the document exported from the Axiocap platform.

Full ownership
P

Status relating to titles indicating that no dismemberment has been made on it. Its owner thus has fructus, usus and abusus, i.e., all the prerogatives of the right of ownership.

Fully diluted
F

Set of securities not exercised and which may give access to capital at a later date (warrants in action, convertible bonds, etc.). Securities (shares and shares) are not part of this set.

General Assembly
A

Meeting of members of the society with the aim of making decisions.

Holding
H

Société détenant des participations dans plusieurs entreprises différentes dans le but d’en assurer une unité de direction.

Investment fund
F

A company, public or private, whose purpose is to invest its money in companies in order to support innovative projects and derive benefits from them.

Listed Company
S

Entity whose securities are admitted to a regulated market.

Majority
M

Minimum number of votes required for the validity of a resolution.

Management company
S

Investment company in charge of the asset portfolios of its clients (individuals, companies).

Mandatory
M

Refers to a person with a mandate to act in place of another natural or legal person.

Mid-Size Company (ETI)
E

Refers to companies with between 250 and 4999 employees and whose turnover does not exceed 1.5 billion euros or whose total balance sheet does not exceed 2 billion euros.

Migration
M

Operation by which customer data (register of movements of shares, meetings, etc.) are integrated into the Solution offered by Axiocap.

Minutes
P

Written and signed legal document, containing a summary of the debates and resolutions put to the vote as well as the results relating to them.

Movement Order (ODM)
O

Legal document to be completed for any movement of company shares. It makes it possible to keep proof of the legal transaction (transfer, donation...) which is enforceable against the parties as well as against third parties.

Nominative title
T

Debt document bearing the name of its beneficiary. It is entered in the name of the shareholder in the register of shareholders maintained by the company.

Pledge
N

Security by which a person, the debtor, places one of his intangible assets as collateral for the benefit of another person, the secured creditor, in exchange for an advantage (financial, commercial, etc.). Pledge is most often used in the area of goodwill.

Quorum
Q

Minimum number of persons entitled to vote, who must be present or represented in order for a deliberation, election or decision to be validly taken by a company.

Registered electronic delivery (ERE)
E

Service allowing the transmission of information between third parties by electronic means by providing proof of its sending and receiving.

Resolutions/deliberations
R

Proposal adopted or decision taken at an assembly whose content is proposed by the social body, author of the convocation. They are put to the vote during the meeting.

SaaS
S

or “Software as a Service”: Refers to a service allowing the user to remotely access the functionalities of a software application solution, via the Internet and a connection to the provider's server, on which the solution is installed.

Share
A

Represents a fraction of the capital of the company and confers rights on the person who owns it (such as receiving dividends).

Share capital
C

Amount of contributions in cash or in kind made by the partners of a company, at the time of its establishment and then during the life of the company.

Share movement register
R

Legal document containing all legal transactions (transfer, donation, abandonment of usufruct, etc.) carried out on all the shares of a company since its creation.

Shared Electronic Recording Device (DEEP)
D

Name assigned by French law to blockchain.

Shareholder
A

Owner of one or more shares in a capital company.

Shareholder account
C

Account owned by a shareholder that contains all the movements of shares made by the shareholder since the creation of the company.

Shares
P

A security representing a portion of the capital of a company that does not have the status of a capital company.

Shares holder
P

Person holding one or more title (s).

Single Staff Register
R

Paper or dematerialized document listing various information relating to company employees and interns.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
P

Company with less than 500 employees.

Society
S

A legal entity with legal personality that acts as a barrier (depending on its legal form) between the partners and the creditors of the company.

Sovereign cloud
C

Data storage service that allows the storage, security and consultation of documents. Such a service guarantees its user secure access from anywhere.

Staff register
R

Documents required by all employers (single personnel register, register of documents concerning undeclared minor accidents, single risk assessment document (DUER), social and economic committee register).

Stock loan
P

Assimilated to a consumer loan within the meaning of articles 1892 and following of the Civil Code, an action loan makes it possible to transfer one or more shares to a specific person, who must then return them or them. This scenario is particularly useful for directors of public limited companies, who are often required by statute to own shares during their term of office.

Supervisory Board (CS)
C

The supervisory board is a non-executive body whose objective is to control the direction and management of a public limited company (SA).

Timestamp
H

Refers to the recording of the date and time of occurrence of an event. This process cannot be subject to any falsification or alteration.

Title
T

Written document that establishes the rights of holders of units, shares, investment certificates, equity securities, or bonds issued by companies. This term can thus be used to qualify individually or jointly the shares and shares of a company.

Transaction certificate
C

Certificate containing information relating to the movement anchored in the blockchain where the cryptographic hash appears giving it legal value.

Transfer of shares
C

Transaction consisting in transferring, at a cost, the shares of a capital company to a third party.

Unlisted company
S

Entity whose securities are not admitted to a regulated market.

Usufructuary
U

Status of a person whose titles have been divided between a bare owner and a usufructuary. The usufructuary has the usus and the fructus on the titles. These rights allow him to be the recipient of dividend distributions.

Very Small Business
T

Company whose number of employees is less than 10.

fundraising
L

Operation by which a company in the process of creation or already created calls on investors in order to obtain the funds necessary to launch or maintain the company. In return, investors get shares in the company.

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Thank you! Your submission has been received!
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Anchorage
A

Possibility to obtain an authenticated proof of timestamp on Blockchain.Watch our video on anchoring security movements via the Axiocap solution

Archiving
A

An action to classify, store, and save data.

Assembly register
R

Paper or dematerialized document listing all the Minutes and deliberations of a company, since its establishment.

Asset
A

Represents all the assets owned by the business.

Associate
A

Member of a partnership in which he owns a share of the capital.

Association
A

Voluntary grouping of at least two people with a common project without any desire to enrich themselves personally.

BSA
B

Share Warrants allow you to buy one or more shares (called the underlying) at a price fixed on the day they are awarded (called the exercise price).

BSPCE
B

Business Creator Unit Warrants are a specific category of “stock options” (stock options). The board of directors may issue a voucher corresponding to a share in the company at a price fixed on the day it is awarded.

Bare owner
N

Status of a person whose titles are divided between a usufructuary and a bare owner. The naked owner has the abuse. This right thus allows him to take part in the company's votes except those concerning the allocation of the distributable result (prerogative of the usufructuary).

Bearer bond
T

A debt document that does not have the name of the beneficiary written on it. They are numbered by the company that issues them.

Blockchain
B

Device for the secure storage and transmission of information in the form of blocks linked to each other, operating without a central control unit.

Board of Directors (CA)
C

The Board of Directors is a management body bringing together natural or legal persons whose objective is to take strategic decisions related to the company.

CCFN digital safe (Digital safe component)
C

Highly secure tool for storing sensitive digital data, accessible online.

Capital increase
A

Legal operation by which shareholders/partners decide, by contribution in kind or cash, to increase the company's share capital by increasing the number of shares or increasing their nominal value.

Capital reduction
R

Operation that consists in reducing the share capital of a company by reducing the number of shares or reducing their nominal value.

Capital stripping
D

Action that affects a company title. A title can be divided into two: bare ownership and usufruct, so two distinct persons have different prerogatives over said title. Upon the death of the bare owner, an automatic consolidation takes place on the person of the usufructuary who then holds full ownership of the title.

Capitalization table
T

Table containing all the essential information relating to the shareholding of a company (names of beneficiaries, number of shares held, percentage of voting rights, etc.).

Cash contribution
A

Operation by which a shareholder/partner provides a company with liquidity (check or transfer) in exchange for the title (s) of the said company upon establishment or during a capital increase.

Contribution in kind
A

Operation by which a shareholder/partner brings, upon establishment or during a capital increase, to a company, either in ownership or enjoyment, movable or immovable property, tangible or intangible in exchange for one or more security (s) of said company.

Convocation
C

Legal document by which the competent corporate body informs the partners or shareholders of the holding of a meeting. It must include certain particulars provided for by law.

Cryptographic hash
H

Unique fingerprint allowing the identification of a specific computer file, calculated using a hash function (algorithm). Each transaction on the blockchain is identified by a cryptographic hash.

Dematerialization
D

A fact or action that makes it possible to make something concrete and material into something intangible by transferring it in the form of electronic data or documents.

Dividends
D

Part of the distributable income of a company distributed among the partners in proportion to the shares they hold in the company.

Electronic initials
P

Affix the initials of the signatory electronically on each page of a document.

Electronic registered letter
L

Recommended sent in electronic form. It has the same legal value as a registered letter in paper format.

Electronic signature
S

An electronic authentication process that makes it possible to prove the link between its author and the document on which it is attached.

Electronic voting
V

Electronic process involved in decision-making in meetings. It allows a complete dematerialization of the holding of meetings. Each participant is required to vote for/against/abstention for each resolution on the agenda.

Export
E

Refers to the document exported from the Axiocap platform.

Full ownership
P

Status relating to titles indicating that no dismemberment has been made on it. Its owner thus has fructus, usus and abusus, i.e., all the prerogatives of the right of ownership.

Fully diluted
F

Set of securities not exercised and which may give access to capital at a later date (warrants in action, convertible bonds, etc.). Securities (shares and shares) are not part of this set.

General Assembly
A

Meeting of members of the society with the aim of making decisions.

Holding
H

Société détenant des participations dans plusieurs entreprises différentes dans le but d’en assurer une unité de direction.

Investment fund
F

A company, public or private, whose purpose is to invest its money in companies in order to support innovative projects and derive benefits from them.

Listed Company
S

Entity whose securities are admitted to a regulated market.

Majority
M

Minimum number of votes required for the validity of a resolution.

Management company
S

Investment company in charge of the asset portfolios of its clients (individuals, companies).

Mandatory
M

Refers to a person with a mandate to act in place of another natural or legal person.

Mid-Size Company (ETI)
E

Refers to companies with between 250 and 4999 employees and whose turnover does not exceed 1.5 billion euros or whose total balance sheet does not exceed 2 billion euros.

Migration
M

Operation by which customer data (register of movements of shares, meetings, etc.) are integrated into the Solution offered by Axiocap.

Minutes
P

Written and signed legal document, containing a summary of the debates and resolutions put to the vote as well as the results relating to them.

Movement Order (ODM)
O

Legal document to be completed for any movement of company shares. It makes it possible to keep proof of the legal transaction (transfer, donation...) which is enforceable against the parties as well as against third parties.

Nominative title
T

Debt document bearing the name of its beneficiary. It is entered in the name of the shareholder in the register of shareholders maintained by the company.

Pledge
N

Security by which a person, the debtor, places one of his intangible assets as collateral for the benefit of another person, the secured creditor, in exchange for an advantage (financial, commercial, etc.). Pledge is most often used in the area of goodwill.

Quorum
Q

Minimum number of persons entitled to vote, who must be present or represented in order for a deliberation, election or decision to be validly taken by a company.

Registered electronic delivery (ERE)
E

Service allowing the transmission of information between third parties by electronic means by providing proof of its sending and receiving.

Resolutions/deliberations
R

Proposal adopted or decision taken at an assembly whose content is proposed by the social body, author of the convocation. They are put to the vote during the meeting.

SaaS
S

or “Software as a Service”: Refers to a service allowing the user to remotely access the functionalities of a software application solution, via the Internet and a connection to the provider's server, on which the solution is installed.

Share
A

Represents a fraction of the capital of the company and confers rights on the person who owns it (such as receiving dividends).

Share capital
C

Amount of contributions in cash or in kind made by the partners of a company, at the time of its establishment and then during the life of the company.

Share movement register
R

Legal document containing all legal transactions (transfer, donation, abandonment of usufruct, etc.) carried out on all the shares of a company since its creation.

Shared Electronic Recording Device (DEEP)
D

Name assigned by French law to blockchain.

Shareholder
A

Owner of one or more shares in a capital company.

Shareholder account
C

Account owned by a shareholder that contains all the movements of shares made by the shareholder since the creation of the company.

Shares
P

A security representing a portion of the capital of a company that does not have the status of a capital company.

Shares holder
P

Person holding one or more title (s).

Single Staff Register
R

Paper or dematerialized document listing various information relating to company employees and interns.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
P

Company with less than 500 employees.

Society
S

A legal entity with legal personality that acts as a barrier (depending on its legal form) between the partners and the creditors of the company.

Sovereign cloud
C

Data storage service that allows the storage, security and consultation of documents. Such a service guarantees its user secure access from anywhere.

Staff register
R

Documents required by all employers (single personnel register, register of documents concerning undeclared minor accidents, single risk assessment document (DUER), social and economic committee register).

Stock loan
P

Assimilated to a consumer loan within the meaning of articles 1892 and following of the Civil Code, an action loan makes it possible to transfer one or more shares to a specific person, who must then return them or them. This scenario is particularly useful for directors of public limited companies, who are often required by statute to own shares during their term of office.

Supervisory Board (CS)
C

The supervisory board is a non-executive body whose objective is to control the direction and management of a public limited company (SA).

Timestamp
H

Refers to the recording of the date and time of occurrence of an event. This process cannot be subject to any falsification or alteration.

Title
T

Written document that establishes the rights of holders of units, shares, investment certificates, equity securities, or bonds issued by companies. This term can thus be used to qualify individually or jointly the shares and shares of a company.

Transaction certificate
C

Certificate containing information relating to the movement anchored in the blockchain where the cryptographic hash appears giving it legal value.

Transfer of shares
C

Transaction consisting in transferring, at a cost, the shares of a capital company to a third party.

Unlisted company
S

Entity whose securities are not admitted to a regulated market.

Usufructuary
U

Status of a person whose titles have been divided between a bare owner and a usufructuary. The usufructuary has the usus and the fructus on the titles. These rights allow him to be the recipient of dividend distributions.

Very Small Business
T

Company whose number of employees is less than 10.

fundraising
L

Operation by which a company in the process of creation or already created calls on investors in order to obtain the funds necessary to launch or maintain the company. In return, investors get shares in the company.

The legislation mentioned falls exclusively under French law. 🇫🇷